Film industry- Week 1- Media products, industries and audiences.
Media products are used to draw attention to a product in order to make money.
Facts about the "birth of film":
1.
1890s: film invented
This
is how far back motion pictures go. The first moving picture cameras were
invented towards the late 1800s, and movies were boring. They were a
single scene, about a minute long, and they were silent. Except sometimes bands accompanied
these moving pictures what fun would it be sitting in a theatre while some
random, everyday scenes scrolled by silently on a screen? Awkward. To make up
for the lack of sound in the film, a band would play live music while the movie
ran.
2. 16 frames per second
This is the speed that early cameras filmed. By today’s standards it’s
pretty slow. For perspective, modern 35mm cameras film at 25 fps. If
you want your mind blown, some modern video games are played at 250 fps.
3. 1907: first movie theaters opened
before 1907, most movies were shown in traditional theaters or in
carnivals. With the advent of movie theaters, the films became an attraction in
themselves.4. 11 minutes
a standard reel of film that runs at 25 fps is 1,000 feet long. This 1,000 feet of film will produce about 11 minutes of footage. That means that projectionists had to change reels many times during a single movie to keep it going uninterrupted.
5. 17.7 reels
titanic came out in 1997 when film reels were still the only way to project a movie. With a run time of 3 hours and 15 minutes, each copy of titanic was 17.7 reels long. That means, at 25 fps, it consisted of over 17,700 feet of film. That’s over 3 miles for a single movie.
Operating much like a factory, hollywood films were made and are still made in warehouses and offices. They are made using industrialised labour of a variety of specialised production techniques. the same type of film is giving what the audience know and will expect to take from a film.
When describing the classical meaning of hollywood film production, we often use the term classic hollywood narrative. Classical Hollywood cinema, classical Hollywood narrative, and classical continuity are terms used in film criticism which designate both a narrative and visual style of film-making which developed in and characterised american cinema between the 1910s and the early 1960s, and eventually became the most powerful and pervasive style of film-making worldwide.
Spatial continuity- The audience always know where they are at all times.
Temporal continuity- The audience always know what order the events have happened in and any flashbacks will be clearly signposted.
A film must be realistic! and must not make reference to other films or texts.
Production- The action of making or manufacturing from components or raw materials, or the process of being so manufactured.
Distribution- the action of sharing something out among a number of recipients.
Regulation- A rule or directive made and maintained by an authority. Film censorship is carried out by various countries to differing degrees, sometimes as a result of powerful or relentless lobbying by organisations or individuals.
Vertical and horizontal integration- Vertical Integration is when a Media Company owns different businesses in the same chain of production and distribution. For example, a 20th Century Fox owns the studios in Hollywood, they also own the cinemas, the TV channels and the DVD rental shops. Whereas horizontal integration is where a production company expands into other areas of one industry.
The studio system- The studio system is a method of film production and distribution dominated by a small number of "major" studios in Hollywood.
The studio system- The studio system is a method of film production and distribution dominated by a small number of "major" studios in Hollywood.
Digital technologies- Digital film is any medium which is used for storage of images in digital cameras. Most digital cameras use digital film based on flash memory cards or other removable types of media.
Conglomeration- A media conglomerate, media group, or media institution is a company that owns numerous companies involved in mass media enterprises, such as television, radio, publishing, motion pictures, theme parks, or the Internet.
Exhibition- he retail branch of the film industry. It involves not the production or the distribution of motion pictures, but their public screening, usually for paying customers in a site devoted to such screenings, the movie theater.
Convergence- Both synergy and cross media convergence play an equal role in aiding films to produce far more revenue than normal. Synergy is defined as the interaction between two or more organisations to produce a combined effect greater than what could be achieved on their own.
Key Theory 14- the cultural industry - David Hesmondhalgh
Vertical Integration- This is when the production company has the ownership of the means of production, distribution and exhibition of the film by the same company, because of this they receive all of the profit.
Horizontal integration- The process of a company increasing production of goods or services at the same part of the supply chain. A company may do this via internal expansion, acquisition or merger. The process can lead to monopoly if a company captures the vast majority of the market for that product or service.
Information about universal studios-
Universal Pictures (also known as Universal Studios) is an American film studio owned by Comcast through the Universal Filmed Entertainment Group division of its wholly owned subsidiary NBCUniversal. Founded in 1912 by Carl Laemmle, Mark Dintenfass, Charles O. Baumann, Adam Kessel, Pat Powers, William Swanson, David Horsley, Robert H. Cochrane, and Jules Brulatour, it is the oldest surviving film studio in the United States, the world's fifth oldest after Gaumont, Pathé, Titanus, and Nordisk Film, and the oldest member of Hollywood's "Big Six" studios in terms of the overall film market. Its studios are located in Universal City, California, and its corporate offices are located in New York City.
| 1 | Jurassic World | 2015 | $651,926,506 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2 | E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial | 1982 | $435,110,554 |
| 3 | Jurassic Park | 1993 | $402,453,882 |
| 4 | The Secret Life of Pets | 2016 | $368,362,470 |
| 5 | Despicable Me 2 | 2013 | $368,061,265 |
| 6 | Furious 7 | 2015 | $352,786,830 |
| 7 | Minions | 2015 | $335,036,900 |
| 8 | Meet the Fockers | 2004 | $279,261,160 |
| 9 | Sing | 2016 | $270,329,045 |
| 10 | Despicable Me 3 | 2017 | $261,408,915 |
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