Key Theory 12 and 13

To what extent are Woman and Adbusters examples of specialised and institutionalised media productions? (Make references to their distribution and and circulation)

Woman was competing with Woman's Own and Woman's Weekly. the three rivals joined together and were owned by a company called IPC. Their sales peaked at in 1959, selling around 2.6 million, 3.1 million and 1.8 million each. Women was published weekly and had a low cover price especially for a full colour magazine. Within a year the magazine was selling 5000,000 copies a week. 

TI Media, is a consumer magazine and digital publisher in the United Kingdom, with a large portfolio selling over 350 million copies each year. It is owned by a fund affiliated with British private equity firm Epiris.

CEO: Marcus Rich (Mar 2014–Present)

Founded: 1963

Subsidiaries: Mousebreaker

Parent organisation: Time Inc.

Headquarters: London, United Kingdom

IPC Media, publisher of magazines including Marie Claire, NME and What’s on TV, is to be rebranded by its US-based owner to Time Inc UK.

Marcus Rich, chief executive of the newly-anointed Time Inc UK, said the company was “proud of what we have achieved at IPC over many years” but said the rebrand would provide “strategic clarity” and open up “new opportunities”. The rebrand of Time Inc’s UK subsidiary comes three months after the US magazine publisher was spun off from Time Warner. The IPC brand dates back to the 1963 when the International Publishing Corporation was created as a holding company for the Mirror newspaper group and a number of the UK’s biggest magazine publishers. IPC Magazines was created five years later, with the business bought by Reed International in 1974. The publisher was rebranded IPC Media in 1998, following a management buyout from Reed backed by venture capital firm Cinven. IPC was bought by Time Inc, the publishing subsidiary of Time Warner, in 2001. Joe Ripp, chairman and chief executive of Time Inc, said the switch would “help us better leverage our global portfolio … and foster greater collaboration throughout the organisation”. The IPC Media brand has already been removed from the publisher’s website, with the name relegated to a footnote on the publisher’s new homepage. Other Time Inc UK (previously IPC) magazines including Wallpaper, Woman, Countrylife, Horse and Hound and Livingetc. It closed its weekly men’s magazine, Nuts, after 10 years earlier this year.

Key Theory 12- Power And Media Industries- Curran And Seaton.

The media is controlled by a small number of companies primarily driven by the profit and power. Media concentration limits variety, creativity and quality. More socially diverse patterns of ownerships can create more varied and adventurous media productions. 

To what extent is the regulatory framework of magazines in the UK effective?

Key theory 13- regulation- Sonia Livingstone and Peter Hunt 

The increasing power of global media corporations, together with the rise of convergent media technologies and transformations in the production, distribution and marketing of digital media have placed traditional approaches to regulation at risk.

IPSO

The Independent Press Standards Organisation (IPSO) was established on Monday 8 September 2014 following the windup of the Press Complaints Commission (PCC), which had been the main industry regulator of the press in the United Kingdom since 1990.

IPSO is the largest independent regulator of the newspaper and magazine industry in the UK and exists to promote and uphold the highest professional standards of journalism in the UK, and to support members of the public in seeking redress where they believe that the Editors' Code of Practice has been breached. The Editors' Code deals with issues such as accuracy, invasion of privacy, intrusion into grief or shock and harassment. IPSO is able to consider concerns about editorial content in newspapers and magazines, and about the conduct of journalists.

IPSO handles complaints, and conducts its own investigations into editorial standards and compliance. It also undertakes monitoring work, including by requiring publications to submit annual compliance reports. IPSO has the power, where necessary, to require the publication of prominent corrections and critical adjudications, and may ultimately fine publications in cases where failings are particularly serious and systemic.

The Editors' Code is a set of rules that newspaper and magazine industry members have agreed to accept. It sets the standards that newspapers and magazines can be held to account by IPSO and is part of the contract between IPSO and the newspapers and magazines it regulates.